Process of mordanting cotton.



NITED STATES PATEN FFICE.

ADOLPHE CLEMENT MAROT AND ANTOINE BONNET, OF TROYES, FRANCE.

PROCESS OF MORDANTING COTTON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 671,560, dated April 9,1901.

Application filed November 30, 1897. Serial No. 660,280. (No specimens.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

.Be it known that we, ADOLPHE CLEMENT MAROT, dyer, and ANTOINE BONNET,chemist, citizens ofthe Republic of France, residing at Troyes,department of Aube, France, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Processes of Mordanting Cotton for Anilin-Black, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The impregnation of cotton for dyeing with anilin-black with oxidationordinarily takes place for cotton in hanks as well as for loose cottonor cotton in the piece after the fiber has been boiled for a suitabletime. In regard to cotton in hanks, to which we refer more particularly,this operation is rather expensive. In fact, it is necessary for thepurpose of thoroughly impregnating the cotton in the anilin-bath to havethe cotton dried after boiling it, or if it is not dried it is necessaryto have the amount of moisture which it contains always the same, so asto get proper results afterward. Therefore the doing away with theboiling is an advantage. We omit this preliminary work of preparing thecotton by modifying the composition of the impregnation-baths used, notas far as their contents in different active materials, such as anilinsalt and oxidizing products, is concerned, but we modify their amount inWater, substituting alcohol for the removed water. We take the loosecotton fiber or the hanks of cotton in their normal condition (that is,without washing or washing and drying, as above described) and place itdirectly in the impregnating-bath.

In the following formula, which gives good results, there is employed inmaking a bath of impregnation of one hundred liters five kilos ofanilin-oil, five kilos of hydrochloric acid at 21 to 22 Bauin, one kiloof sal-ammoniac, two kilos of chlorate of potash, .750 kilo of sulfateof copper, .750 kilo of tartaric acid, and 85.50 liters of water.

We substitute for forty liters of water in the above formula fortyliters of alcohol (preferably methylic alcohol) at 90. Thus our bathcontains approximately as many parts of water as of alcohol. By thussubstituting alcohol for water we are enabled to immediately place theunboiled cotton in the impregnation-bath just as if it had been boiledor boiled and dried, and thereby we also secure the following additionaladvantages:

First, the unboiled fiber gives on the dynamometer a resistance alwayssuperior to that of boiled cotton, the surplus of resistance attainingand surpassing some times six per cent, and we preserve it by directlyimpreg' nating unboiled cotton; second, the fineness of the fiber, itssilky qualities, its softness, and especially its regularity are betterpreserved by the suppression of the boiling than by impregnatingpreviously-boiled fiber; third, the oxidizing of the cotton in chambersor apparatus for oxidizing is either quicker or may be done at a lowertemperature in consequence of the more rapid desiccation of the fiber,and, fourth, the formation at the moment of desiccation of the fiber, orrather during the concentration of the products employed upon the fiber,of a certain quantity of formic aldehyde resulting from the action ofthe oxidizers upon the alcohol, the moder ating power of which is Wellknown, constitutes a natural protection for the fiber and leaves to thelatter a much greater solidity than in the case of the usual processeswherein alcohol is not employed. Independent of its physical function ofpromoting the impregnation of cotton the alcohol also performsa chemicalfunction by reducing the usual effects of combustion of the fiber whichappear at various degrees in the oxidation-chambers during thedevelopment of emeraldin, which is the first step in the oxidation ofthe anilin in the methods of black oxidation.

Having now particularly described and as certained the nature of thisinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declarethat what we claim is In the process of dyeing cotton fiber anilinblack,passing such cotton directly into a bath containing anilin salt andoxidizing materials, and approximately five parts anilin-oil, five partshydrochloric acid at 21 to 22 Baum, one part sal-ammoniac, two partschlorate of potash, .75 part sulfate of copper, .75 part tartaric acid,43.50 parts water, and forty parts alcohol.

Signed at Paris, France, this 17th day of November, 1897.

ADOLPHE CLEMENT IVIAROT. ANTOINE BONNET.

Witnesses:

ABEL J ULIEN, EDWARD P. MAOLEAN.

